Art of molding concrete or cementitious structures



4 l i @1,620,514 March V8 1927. v C'BRYNOLDT, I l l ART oF MOLDING CONCRETE.ORQEMENTITIQUS STRUCTURE;

Filed Jan. 29,. 1925 l e sheets-*sheet 72,

www; v 1 A u l March' s, 1927.

c. BRYNQLDT ART 0R MOLD-ING CONCRETE 0R GEMENTITIOUS STRUCTUREil Fild Jan. 29, 1925 'e sheetsC-snet. 35

' I N VIENTO/C March 8 1927. f c. aRYrqcaLrpT.`

ART oF MQLDINGr CONCRETE 0R CEMENTITIOUS'STRCTURES *Filed @1.29.1923 l6 sheetsstmt- 4v March 8,1927. l 1,620,514

' `C;- -BRYNOLDT I t ART OF MOLD-1N@ CONCRETE'OR CEMENTTIOUS' STRUCTURES 0000 ,n v I m., m rn rn rn m m m m m u mdfffA/fof@ March 8,1927.

c. @RYNOLDT' ART F MOLDING CONCRETE OR CEMENTITIOUS STRUCTURES Filed Jan. ze, `192; e sheets-sheet '5 ietentecl 8, i927;

.U NirEo .STAT-Es N PATENT'. ,y orricxE.

CHRISTIAN BRYNOLDT, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, Assieme ro ruw-:Knox sommier, A oonronerzon or New reissue.

ART orl :nomine CONCRETE on cnivrnnrrrons srnucmunns.

Application led January 29;-152'3. Sez-inl No. 615,480.

'This invention has to do with improve-il ments in the art ot molding concrete or eenientitious structures, such for exemple :is retaining walls, sea Walls, Walls under water,

bridges, vieducts `and the like, and relates to both: method and apparatus. i

The nature of my invention and its-objects and advantages will be best understood from a brief stetement'oi1 present practice in molding such structures. f

in molding such structures, it is customary to use either permanentfmolds repeatedly used as the Work progresses: or a mold which is e structure-huilt on the ground and which is expected to be. completely dis? muntled and scrapped after e single use,

Tn both ceses the mold forins must of course, he supported by suitable supporting struc# ture. the size. shape and strength of which varies with the particular Work in hund..`

This structural supporting Work lm s been thus as widely variant as the Work 1n con-l nection with which it was to be used, and

for each undertaking, lgi-ineratlly speaking, e suppoitingr structure has'to be constructed on the ground to meet the requirementspeculiar to that undertaking'. Such a struc# ture is incapable of lrepeeted use end is scrapped, and this involves considerable exe pense in erection and in loss-through scrapping. It will be seen that the larger the operation the more serious do these factors,

become.

it is the primary purpose ot my inven tionto overcome these difiiculties hy the construction of the supporting structures from parts of such character that-they may he coupled together into knock down yet rigid structures having such variety ot, shapes, strength, and -slzes us will Pgfenerelly More specically stated. it is the object lbracing the main standard parts into larg/ev units of desired shape, size and strength, the mein and auxiliary standardparts having attaching or connecting ineens of the sel-ne or a correlativo order tor this purpose,fand the auxiliary. parte being" thus themselves capable ofassernhlage into `auxiliary units -or use 1n connection with therneln units;

and these standard partev being kept in stock, sent out for use, returned and reused,

thus reducing the Wastege to the screppin of'such few special pieces als may .be require incertain instances. j l -The foregoinggtogether -with such other vobjects as may hereinafter appear or are incident to. my invention, obtain by 'ineens 'of (improvements, .the preferred forms ot' which .are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:A y y Fig'. l` is enl end velevatifm of e frame for use in constructing e Wall under water, il-

ylustruting; how such e frame i'ney'be constructed out ot' standard with my invention. v y i q FigLQ 1s en 'elevation et thev right-hund side of the traveller of Fig'. i.

'y Fig. 3 is' e section-teken on the line 33 ot Fig. 2. f Y

Fig. Il 1s an enlarged side elevation ot' one of the ymeinstandard trusses utilizedv inconstructing' the traveler of Fig.l 1. Fig. 5 is e bottoniplen of Fig. Zi.

'Fig'. 6 is an end elevation ot Fig. 4.

Figs. 7 and 8 are sections teiten respectively on the lines 7-7 and SWS of Fig. ei.

parte in accordance Figs. 9 and 10 are views of special det-Veils Y illustrating how thetreveller of Fig. 1 muy he altered into a traveller for erecting' land wells, sea walls and the like.

Fig?. 11 is a diagrammatic View illustrating' how the standard parts muy oe united to forme. supporting structure for e bridge.

Fig. ll2 is an enlarged bottom pien ot' e, portion et' the structural work of Fig. l?. looking in the direction of the arrows .l2-12.

.Figa 13 is a cross section taken on the-line 15K-13 mi Figi'. i1. 1

Fig. l: is e side elevation ete speciali i auxiliary piece for the construction employed in Fig. ii. .l

Fig. l5 is an end elevation' of Fig. 14e-looking in the direction ot the arrows l5-15.

Figs. 16 and 17 are respectively a side and end elevation of another such special auxiliary. j l

Fig. 18 is a. fragmentary side 'elevation of still another special auxiliary.

Figs. 19 and 20 are views illustrating how` certain standard auxiliary parts may be coupled together' for extension purposes.

Fig. 21 1s a diagrammatic view illustrating the application of my improvements to another form of bridge structure; and

Fig. 22 is an enlarged bottom plan view looking in the direction ofthe arrows 22--22 of Fig. 21. y

Y Referring now to Figs. 1 to S\inclus1ve` the nature of my invention will be described in the construction of a traveller for erectmg walls, on land or under water. These travellers are ordinarily of a general inverted U shape, the legs of the traveller being adapted to straddle the Work and the mold sections for 'molding the Wall, aswell as the bulliheads, are suspended from the traveller for adjustment and also for collapse away from the work. vWhere the wall has a sloping tace,

one of the legs is correspondingly inclined.'

In some cases, where the nature of the work permits of it, one of the legs of the 'traveller may be entirely dispensed with. The traveller functions to take the thrust of the concrete or in other Words, to properly -support the mold sections in place during the casting and until the concrete has suiliciently set; lo support the mold sectionsy for collapse; and to transport the mold sections from point to point, as the work progresses.

ln the traveller for the under water wall ot' Fig. '1, the re terence letter A denotes the base and thereference letters B und C the two legs ot' lthe traveller. Generally spealc- .such standard truss frames being coupled and braced by standard auxiliary. pieces, into .a larger, rigid, knock down -unit of the needed size and strength.

Each standard truss trame preferably consists of a rectangular frame composed ot' a pair of side members each composed ot a pair of angles `8: end members each composed of a pair of angles t); gusset plates l() at the corners between the pairs ot angles 8 and 9 riveted to each; the intermediate gus 'ct plaies 11 lying between the angles tv composing the side members and riveted thereto; and the connecting members 12, disposed so as to constitute the whole .frame into a truss. The laterally extending legs of the angles .Q and 9 are each provided with a plurality ot holes 13, the order ot' spacing of which is the correlativo order.

same or at least correlative. ln 'the drawings, the angles 9 are provided lwith holes yspaced apart three inches, and the groups of holes in .the :ingles 8 are spaced three and six inches apart. ll'ie'gussels also have holes or sets of holesI 14, the spacing of which is oi the same order as the other holes or oi' a This is also true ot the members 12. ln consequence ot' this arrangenient,v standard trusstramcs muy be arranged end to end and letacliably bolted together; or sidc tovsid'e; or side to end, substantially, at any point throughout the length of ,the side members. -Thus the standard trusses may be coupled directlyor indirectly, as will beA further pointed out-into a vunit, and units may be detachably coupled together into still larger units by the auxiliary cross braces or tyingvn'iemhers bolted either to the side or end angles or to the vgusset plates, or to the 'members 12, as will now be described. y

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen vthat in the ltwo main truss trame uni-ts, the truss frames for the legs C are direct-ly (oup'led at their upper endsto the bottom s-de members ot the respective truss trames ot' the-base A; and the truss trames consti- "luting the vlegs B arciindirectly coupled to the boltomrsides'of the respective trusses of the base, through interposed auxiliary triangular frame members l), also constructed ole unfiles arranged as before and provided with holes at the periphery, the pacing ot which is vofthe same or oi a correlative order. The two main units are detachably coupled and connected onto the largir unit by the longitiulinally e.\"ternlin r bracing` and tying auxiliary standard members 1.3, each preferably consisting of 'an langle providedwith holesI 1G, the spacing of which is of the sume or of a correlative order asthose previously described. These tying' members 13 are preferably arranged on opposite sides of the standard trusses 7; and they maybe horizontally tied together and. braced, intermediate their ends. by means ot' tying auxiliary standard members 17, also preferably composed ot' angles, punched as before. lying members 15 muy also be coupled and braced, by vertically extending tying,r auxiliary standard niei'nbers 1S, through the -medium of gusset plates 19, punched as described. The members 1S and 15. may be built up of standard lengths of angles, punched as before and `assembled as indicated, for example, in Figs. 19 and 20. The trusses oi" the base are braced by the auxiliaries 1T through thenurdium ot' gussels. lhe wholeof the vframe may be lied to? ,Q'otbcr diagonally by means of diagonal turn buckle devices 2t) strung in the puuchingsv in the parts to which their Vends are respectively coupled. i lt will be seen from the foregoing that The Cil

readme in so tar as the tying orcoupling of' main units into a large unitis concerned, this is done by a minimum number ot standard auxiliaries in the shape ot a few different lengths ot' angles, turnbuckles i and` some1 may be employed in order 'to provide af proper support for the members Zl which serve to position the traveller on the uneven` bottom. These members 2l are punched as before and in fact. the tying pieces such as the members 15,` 17 or 18, or coupled lengths thereof may be employed for this I iurpose.

The traveller described may -be converted into a landtraveller, i. c., a traveller t'oil constructingwork ou land. by substituting` carriages I for thev members (i and kH at the bottom ot' the legs of the traveller.

It will be understood that the carriage frames are composed ot angle members punched as before. i

' Referring nowto Figs. 11 tov 13 inclusive, the application ot' my invention kin constructing a supporting structure for torn-is for bridges will be described. It will be seen on inspection ot Fig. 1l that the stand-7 ard trusses 7, with an occasional` standard truss 7 ot' half length, are arranged in the forni of chords of a circle -or arc of the desired character through the medium of in-1` terposed correspondingly punched angular pieces J, the degree ot angularity ot'. which depends upon the radius of the circle or arc ot' which the trusses are t'o".onstitute chords. This, ot course may vary with the paiticiilar work in hand, and thus the pieces may in someinstances be incapable of reuse. It will, ot course. be understood that two or more of the trusses are used tor each chord, depending upon the width and yload ot the structure being erected, etc.. and that such standard trusses are connected as loe-` ore by standard auxiliaries, which serve to tie the standard trusses into a larger unit or trame. The foregoing will -be clear on n inspection of Figs. l2 and 13. In the center or crown. a. terminal hinge device l( is interposed between the middle trusses; and at the end pieces L are provided as a means for carrying the mold supporting structure ou the brackets M which are supported on the precast piers Q2. Theconstruction ot the pieces J, K and li is shown in Figs. ist to its inclusive.

The brackets M surround the precast piers an'lA are huilt up from the standard auxiliary parts before described and are capable o wide variation.

The mold 23 is a built up structure made angular trian' ycurved ymetal aiixilia'riesvor the top and bottom otl the truss frames. the' .a long straight truss, and rwhen used in this `or.Iapproximately parallel `main trusses. the

ltor variations i n .on the' ground comprising the, supi'iorting pieces Q'tcarried on suitably shaped lcross pieces 25 in `turn 'carried on the chords, and the lagging Qtr c In Fig. 2l, I have illustrated another way vin lwhich a. `supporting structure for the' molding means v`t'ory bridges `may be constructed ot' the standard parts.` Here, :is in i `the, casevof the arrangement of Fig. ll,

pairs .ot' suitabl \`i'spaceil standard truss frames v7 and 7" arc transversely connected and b aced by the standard auxiliaries. the contour desired ybi-iing obtained `by splicing false ruiters 28, mold suiiiporting structure. is carried on the curved. aiixf In this case.- the piecesv .l may as at 29, to the 'lhev moldiliaries'QS.

-bedispensed with and in lieu thereof overlapp-ingstrap pieces 3() may he provided at configuration:ot such pieces corresponding tothe ai'igularity of theadpicent end's'otv trusses with respect tocach'other. -End pieces N are. provided tor lsupporting .the lends of the mold support; and the piers are relieved of the ythrust by ymeans of the ten-` sion turnbuelde menibers 31. l f j Generally. therefore, the mainr standard trusses may he. connected en'dftoend 'to t'orm way, as theoverall length increases'. more ot theui inus'tlw be Iused and placed closer together to support the. load'. "By the use ot triangular. intermediate triangularand terminal triangular pieces, arched structures may. he formed ofv approximately any de `sired contour.

the yexact continu* being ohtained by auxiliaries ot' wood for metal. ln structures comprising numbers ot' parallel required transverse .stitl'cninur 'to prevent buckling may lic obtained by the auxiliaries arranged. Jr'or example, in truss or other torni orhv tui'nbuckles or both.

The halt" length standard triuses and also. in someiustanccs. thc auxiliaries.provide Alength not possible with full length trusses. in traveller. bridge and other supporting structures. i i

That I claim is: i

l. The herein describedr method of constructing supportii'igl devices tor `forms, molding. means .and the like Jfor concrete structures which consists in utilizing standard structural trusses and detachably uniting the saine in er gewise .abutment in a knock-down but rigid supporting unit.

2. 'lhe herein described method ot constructing supporting devices for forms, molding nfieans andthe `like tor concrete structures which consists in utilizing stand-` ard structural substantially Arectangular trusses and detachal'ily uniting the saine in. edgewise abutment in a- `knock-down but rigid supporting unit.

iiie

3. The herein described method of constructiiig.,lr supporting devices for forms, molding means and the like for concrete structures which consistsin utilizing stand- :ird structural trusses and detachabl'y' uniting the saiiie in a knock down `but rigid supporting unit, through the medium of meinbers interposed between them for edgrewisev abutment, thus producingthe desired general contour ot the unit.

4. rlhe herein described method of consti'uctingfy supporting;rv devices `for forms,

molding means and thev like for concrete` structures which consists in utilizing standard structural trusses .and detachably 'uniting' the same in a knock down but rigid supporting;f unit through the medium of meinbei's iiiterposed'between them Jfor edgewise abutment and serving as means through which adjacent units may be connected into a still larger unit.

The herein described method of con# structing 'supporting devices. Jfor forms,

-mold-ing means and the like for concrete structures lwhich consists in utilizing stand-` ard structural trusses and detachahly uniting the same in edgeivise abutment 1n -.a

knock down but rigid supporting unit, said` trusses being provided with means whereby they may be directly coupled togetherfor 'indirectly through interposed members.

6. The herein described method of constructing supporting devices for `forms molding; means and the like for concrete structures which consists in utilizing standard structural trusses and detachably uniting the same in edgewise abutment iii a knock down but rigid supporting unit. said trusses being provided with means whereby they,7 may be directifY coupled together 'or indirectly through interposed members and adjacent unirs vmay be connected into a still larger 7. The herein described method'of constructing supporting devices for forms molding means and the like. for concrete structures which consists in utilizing substantially rectangular standard structural trusses and vLuserna detachably uniting,` the vsame in edgewise abutment in a knock' down but rigid supporting unit, said trusses being-:provided on their peripheral or outer edge pontionswith means whereby. they may be directly cou-ff posed members.

8. In a. temporary supporting mechanismfor concrete structures, main trames prof pled together or indirectly lthrough inten-- vided with means for attachment of such,Y an

order that frainesmay be coupled edgewise end co-end. sidel to side. andfend-tosulla.A

rectly' or indirectly and Iauxiliaries-linten@ connecting' means otl` a] similarl order 'for "infl directly connecting' said mainlirames 9. ln a. temporary supportmg'inechamsm for concrete structures, f main trames pro` vided with means forattachment 'of such an order that frames may be coupled -edgewise end to end. side to side, endend te side, directly or indirectly and auxiliaries pling said franies'into largerunits.

connecting means of a similar order for cou- 1G.; 1n a temporary supporting ntieclianism`f` forfco'ncrete structures, main Jiframes- "pr l.. vided With means for-attachment Of Suchen order that frames may-*be coupledl edgeyyise endto end, sideto side. and end toside iil v rectly or indirectly'and auxiliaries having j" plint: said auxiliaries being also thereby capable of assemblage into units. i v, f

11.- In a temporary sup for concrete structures, t e combination of standard trusses of substantially similar con struction provided 'at their peripheries with a plurality ospnced bolt lioles'o'tfthe same or a correlative order, whereby they may be orting rnechanism` connectingineans of ja similar orderor cou-V frames into vlarger units, said:

connected edgewise into a number of useful relationships, and curved Vauxiliary means for the outer periphery when the"standaril trusses are assembled in arched form to provide the desired contour.

n testimony whereof. have hereunto signed my name. l y

` ons. is'nruonnr. 

